01
Albert Einstein
Theoretical physicist
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The science collection
Scientific minds
101 minds that explored the unknown
From the stars above to the cells within us, these scientists and mathematicians helped explain the natural world and opened new questions.
02
Marie Curie
Physicist and chemist
Image credits
Marie_Curie_c._1920s.jpg · Henri Manuel · Public domain03
Isaac Newton
Physicist and mathematician
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Portrait_of_Sir_Isaac_Newton,_1689_(brightened).jpg · Godfrey Kneller · Public domain04
Rosalind Franklin
Chemist and crystallographer
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Rosalind_Franklin_(retouched).jpg · MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology · CC BY-SA 4.005
Charles Darwin
Naturalist and evolutionary thinker
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Charles_Darwin_seated_crop.jpg · Charles_Darwin_seated.jpg : Henry Maull (1829–1914) and John Fox (1832–1907) (Maull & Fox) [ 3 ] derivative work: Bea o · Public domain06
Annie Jump Cannon
Stellar-classification astronomer
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Annie_Jump_Cannon_1922_Portrait.jpg · New York World-Telegram and the Sun Newspaper · Public domain07
Galileo Galilei
Astronomer and physicist
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Galileo_Galilei_(1564-1642)_RMG_BHC2700.tiff · Justus Sustermans · Public domain08
Chien-Shiung Wu
Experimental physicist
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Chien-shiung_Wu_(1912-1997)_C.jpg · Smithsonian Institution · No restrictions09
Ibn al-Haytham
Pioneer of optics
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Ibn_al-Haytham_crop.jpg · Adolph Boÿ, engraved by Jeremias Falck. Used as the frontispiece to Johannes Hevelius, Selenographia, 1647 · Public domain10
Dorothy Hodgkin
X-ray crystallographer
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Dorothy Hodgkin im Talar.jpg · University of Bristol · CC BY-SA 2.511
James Clerk Maxwell
Physicist of electromagnetism
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James-Clerk-Maxwell-1831-1879.jpg · Unknown author Unknown author · Public domain12
Jane Goodall
Primatologist
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Deputy_Secretary_Higginbottom_Poses_for_a_Photo_With_Dr._Jane_Goodall_and_the_State_Department's_Global_Health_Diplomacy_Director_Jordan_in_Washington_(22365513310)_(2)_(cropped_2).jpg · U.S. Department of State from United States · Public domain13
Niels Bohr
Atomic physicist
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Niels_Bohr.jpg · The American Institute of Physics credits the photo [1] to AB Lagrelius & Westphal , which is the Swedish company used by the Nobel Foundation for most photos of its book series Les Prix Nobel . · Public domain14
Katherine Johnson
Mathematician
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Katherine_Johnson_1983.jpg · NASA · Public domain15
Carl Sagan
Astronomer and science communicator
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Carl_Sagan_Planetary_Society.JPG · NASA/JPL · Public domain16
Tu Youyou
Pharmaceutical chemist
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D810_4987_Tu_Youyou,_medicine_(22945001843)_(cropped).jpg · Bengt Nyman from Vaxholm, Sweden · CC BY 2.017
Dmitri Mendeleev
Periodic-table pioneer
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Dmitri_Mendeleev.jpg · Original: Unknown author Unknown author Upload: Germansociety2014 · Public domain18
Barbara McClintock
Geneticist
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Barbara_McClintock_(1902-1992)_shown_in_her_laboratory_in_1947.jpg · Smithsonian Institution /Science Service; Restored by Adam Cuerden · Public domain19
Michael Faraday
Experimental physicist
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Michael_Faraday_sitting_crop.jpg · Unknown author Unknown author · Public domain20
Vera Rubin
Astronomer of galactic rotation
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Vera_Rubin_with_antique_globes.jpg · Photograph by Mark Godfrey, courtesy of AIP Emilio Segrè Visual Archives, Gift of Vera Rubin · Attribution21
Louis Pasteur
Microbiologist
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Louis_Pasteur,_foto_av_Paul_Nadar,_Crisco_edit.jpg · Paul Nadar · Public domain22
Srinivasa Ramanujan
Mathematician
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Srinivasa_Ramanujan-Add._MS_a94_version2_(cropped).jpg · Unknown author Unknown author · CC BY 4.023
Lise Meitner
Nuclear physicist
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Lise_Meitner_NatGeo.jpg · Harris & Ewing · Public domain24
Johannes Kepler
Astronomer
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JKepler.jpg · August Köhler [1] · Public domain25
C. V. Raman
Physicist of light scattering
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Sir_CV_Raman.JPG · Nobel Foundation · Public domain26
Jocelyn Bell Burnell
Pulsar discoverer
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Launch_of_IYA_2009,_Paris_-_Grygar,_Bell_Burnell_cropped.jpg · Launch_of_IYA_2009,_Paris_-_Grygar,_Bell_Burnell.jpg : Astronomical Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic derivative work: Anrie ( talk ) · CC BY-SA 3.027
Antoine Lavoisier
Chemist
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David_-_Portrait_of_Monsieur_Lavoisier_(cropped)2.jpg · Jacques-Louis David · Public domain28
Sophie Germain
Mathematician
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Germain_-_Œuvres_philosophiques,_1896_(Illustration_page_4).jpg · s:fr:Auteur:Sophie Germain · Public domain29
Alan Turing
Mathematician and computing theorist
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Alan_turing_header.jpg · Elliott & Fry · Public domain30
Caroline Herschel
Astronomer
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1829_Melchior_Gommar_Tieleman,_Ölgemälde_Caroline_Herschel_Hannover.tif · Ölgemälde: Melchior Gommar Tieleman ; Foto des gemeinfreien Gemäldes: unbekannt · Public domain31
Alexander Fleming
Bacteriologist
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Synthetic_Production_of_Penicillin_TR1468.jpg · Official photographer · Public domain32
Satyendra Nath Bose
Theoretical physicist
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SatyenBose1925.jpg · Unknown author Unknown author · Public domain33
Emmy Noether
Mathematician
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Emmy_Noether_(3x4_cropped).jpg · Unknown author Unknown author Publisher: Mathematical Association of America [3] , Brooklyn Museum [4] , Agnes Scott College [5] , [6] · Public domain34
Max Planck
Quantum-theory pioneer
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Max_Planck_by_Hugo_Erfurth_1938cr_-_restoration1.jpg · Hugo Erfurth · Public domain35
Mary Anning
Fossil collector and paleontologist
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Mary_Anning_painting.jpg · Credited to 'Mr. Grey' in Crispin Tickell's book 'Mary Anning of Lyme Regis' (1996) · Public domain36
Ibn Sina
Physician and philosopher
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Avicenna_Bust,_left_profile_(cropped).jpg · National Library of Medicine · No restrictions37
Erwin Schrödinger
Quantum physicist
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Erwin_Schrödinger_-_Narodowe_Archiwum_Cyfrowe_(1-E-939).jpg · Unknown author Unknown author · Public domain38
Wang Zhenyi
Astronomer and mathematician
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王振义_(医学家).jpg · Unknown author Unknown author · Public domain39
Gregor Mendel
Genetics pioneer
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Gregor_Mendel_2.jpg · Unknown author Unknown author · Public domain40
Abdus Salam
Theoretical physicist
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Abdus_Salam_1987.jpg · Molendijk, Bart / Anefo · CC BY-SA 3.0 nl41
Henrietta Swan Leavitt
Astronomer
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Henrietta_Swan_Leavitt.jpg · Unknown author Unknown author · Public domain42
Enrico Fermi
Nuclear physicist
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Enrico_Fermi_1943-49.jpg · Department of Energy-Office of Public Affairs, restored by Yann · Public domain43
Santiago Ramón y Cajal
Neuroscientist
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Santiago_Ramón_y_Cajal_(1852-1934)_portrait_(restored).jpg · Original photo is anonymous although published by Clark University in 1899. Restoration by Garrondo · Public domain44
Maria Goeppert Mayer
Nuclear physicist
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Maria_Goeppert-Mayer.jpg · Nobel foundation · Public domain45
Alfred Wegener
Continental-drift theorist
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Alfred_Wegener_ca.1924-30.jpg · Unknown author Unknown author · Public domain46
Sofya Kovalevskaya
Mathematician
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Sofja_Wassiljewna_Kowalewskaja_1.jpg · Unknown author Unknown author · Public domain47
Robert Hooke
Natural philosopher
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Portrait_of_a_Mathematician_1680c.jpg · Mary Beale · Public domain48
Srinivasa Varadhan
Probability theorist
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Srinivasa_Varadhan_Heidelberg.JPG · Markus Pössel · CC BY-SA 3.049
Irène Joliot-Curie
Nuclear chemist
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Joliot-curie.jpg · Nobel Foundation · Public domain50
Edwin Hubble
Astronomer
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Studio_portrait_photograph_of_Edwin_Powell_Hubble_(cropped).JPG · Johan Hagemeyer · Public domain51
Meghnad Saha
Astrophysicist
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Dr-Meghnad-Saha.jpg · Unknown author Unknown author · Public domain52
Rita Levi-Montalcini
Neurobiologist
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Rita_Levi-Montalcini_(1986).png · Kurt Hagblom , Firma Hagblom-Foto, restored by Adam Cuerden · Public domain53
Linus Pauling
Chemist
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Linus_Pauling_in_the_1940s.jpg · Unknown author Unknown author · CC BY-SA 2.054
Donna Strickland
Optical physicist
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Donna_Strickland_EM1B5760_(46183560632)_(cropped).jpg · Bengt Nyman from Vaxholm, Sweden · CC BY 2.055
Ernest Rutherford
Nuclear physicist
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Sir_Ernest_Rutherford_LCCN2014716719_-_restoration1.jpg · Bain News Service, publisher Restored by: Bammesk · Public domain56
Mária Telkes
Physical chemist
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Maria_Telkes_NYWTS.jpg · New York World-Telegram and the Sun staff photographer · Public domain57
Jagadish Chandra Bose
Physicist and plant researcher
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J.C.Bose.JPG · The Birth Centenary Committee, printed by P.C. Ray · Public domain58
Elizabeth Blackburn
Molecular biologist
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Elizabeth_Blackburn_in_2024_by_Christopher_Michel.jpg · Christopher Michel · CC BY-SA 4.059
Tycho Brahe
Astronomer
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Porträtt_av_Tycho_Brahe_-_Skoklosters_slott_-_90153.tif · Unknown author Unknown author · Public domain60
André-Marie Ampère
Physicist and mathematician
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Ampere_Andre_1825.jpg · Ambroise Tardieu · Public domain61
Françoise Barré-Sinoussi
Virologist
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Françoise_Barré-Sinoussi-press_conference_Dec_06th,_2008-1.jpg · Prolineserver ( talk ) · GFDL 1.262
William Harvey
Physician of blood circulation
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William_Harvey_2.jpg · After Daniël Mijtens · Public domain63
Leonardo da Vinci
Observer of anatomy and nature
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Francesco_Melzi_-_Portrait_of_Leonardo.png · Attributed to Francesco Melzi · Public domain64
Leonhard Euler
Mathematician
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Leonhard_Euler_-_Jakob_Emanuel_Handmann_(Kunstmuseum_Basel).jpg · Jakob Emanuel Handmann · Public domain65
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
Astrophysicist
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Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar.jpg · AIP Emilio Segrè Visual Archives, Gift of Kameshwar Wali · Attribution66
Gertrude B. Elion
Pharmacologist
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Gertrude_Elion.jpg · GlaxoSmithKline plc · CC BY 4.067
Paul Dirac
Theoretical physicist
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Paul_Dirac,_1933.jpg · Nobel Foundation · Public domain68
Samuel Morse
Telegraph innovator
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Samuel_Morse.jpg · Mathew Benjamin Brady · Public domain69
Stephen Hawking
Theoretical physicist
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Stephen_Hawking.StarChild.jpg · NASA · Public domain70
Fabiola Gianotti
Particle physicist
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Dr_Fabiola_Gianotti.jpg · Maximilien Brice · CC BY 4.071
Euclid
Ancient Greek mathematician
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Italian_-_Euclid_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg · Jusepe de Ribera (Spanish / Italian, 1591 - 1652) (1591 - 1652) – artist (Spanish / Italian) Details on Google Art Project · Public domain72
Ahmed Zewail
Physical chemist
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Ahmed_Zewail_HD2009_Othmer_Gold_Medal_portrait.JPG · Douglas A. Lockard · CC BY-SA 3.073
May-Britt Moser
Neuroscientist
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May-Britt_Moser_2014.jpg · Foto: Henrik Fjørtoft/NTNU Komm.avd. · CC BY-SA 2.074
Al-Khwarizmi
Mathematician and astronomer
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Madrid_-_Ciudad_Universitaria,_Monumento_a_Muhammad_al-Juarismi_(cropped).jpg · Zarateman · CC075
Wendell Stanley
Biochemist
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Wendell_Meredith_Stanley.jpg · Unknown author Unknown author · Public domain76
Roger Penrose
Mathematical physicist
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Roger_Penrose_at_Festival_della_Scienza_Oct_29_2011.jpg · Cirone-Musi, Festival della Scienza · CC BY-SA 2.077
Ada Yonath
Crystallographer
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Ada_Yonath_2013_January_CHF.jpg · Staff photographer · CC BY-SA 3.078
Williamina Fleming
Astronomer
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Williamina_Paton_Stevens_Fleming_circa_1890s.jpg · Unknown author Unknown author · Public domain79
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Microscopy pioneer
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Anthonie_van_Leeuwenhoek_(1632-1723)._Natuurkundige_te_Delft_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-957.jpeg · Jan Verkolje · Public domain80
Wernher von Braun
Rocket engineer
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Wernher_von_Braun_crop.jpg · NASA/MSFC · Public domain81
Maria Sibylla Merian
Naturalist and scientific illustrator
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Bildnis_der_Maria_Sibylla_Merian,_1679.jpg · Jacob Marrel · Public domain82
E. O. Wilson
Biologist
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E._O._Wilson_sitting,_October_16,_2007_(cropped).jpg · Ragesoss · CC BY-SA 3.083
Fermín Tangüis
Agricultural scientist
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Fermín_Tangüis.jpg · Unknown author Unknown author · Public domain84
Évariste Galois
Mathematician
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Evariste_galois.jpg · Unknown author Unknown author · Public domain85
Michelangelo
Italian sculptor and painter
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Michelangelo_Daniele_da_Volterra_(dettaglio).jpg · Attributed to Daniele da Volterra · Public domain86
Alice Ball
Chemist
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Alice_Augusta_Ball.jpg · Unknown author Unknown author · Public domain87
George Washington Carver
Agricultural scientist
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George_Washington_Carver_c1910_-_Restoration.jpg · Adam Cuerden · Public domain88
David Attenborough
Natural historian and broadcaster
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David_Attenborough_in_2025.jpg · https://www.flickr.com/photos/ukgov/ · OGL 389
Donald Knuth
Computer scientist
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Donald_Ervin_Knuth_(cropped).jpg · Alex Handy · CC BY-SA 2.090
Gladys West
Mathematician and geodesist
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181206-F-DT527-087_(cropped).jpg · Adrian Cadiz · Public domain91
John Bardeen
Solid-state physicist
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Bardeen.jpg · Nobel foundation · Public domain92
Mildred Dresselhaus
Materials physicist
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Barack_Obama_greets_Burton_Richter_and_Mildred_Dresselhaus_(cropped).jpg · Official White House Photo by Pete Souza · Public domain93
Ellen Ochoa
Engineer and astronaut
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Ellen_Ochoa.jpg · NASA · Public domain94
Kip Thorne
Theoretical physicist
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Kip_Thorne_by_Christopher_Michel_2022.jpg · Christopher Michel · CC BY-SA 4.095
Mae Jemison
Physician and astronaut
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Mae_Carol_Jemison.jpg · NASA · Public domain96
James Hutton
Geologist
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Sir_Henry_Raeburn_-_James_Hutton,_1726_-_1797._Geologist_-_PG_2686_-_National_Galleries_of_Scotland.jpg · Henry Raeburn · Public domain97
Inge Lehmann
Seismologist
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Inge_Lehman.jpg · Even Neuhaus (6.2.1863-20.4.1946) · Public domain98
Emmanuel Dongala
Chemist
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Emmanuel_Dongala_IMG_3239.jpg · Rama · CC BY-SA 2.0 fr99
Luis Federico Leloir
Biochemist
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Luis_Federico_Leloir_-_young.jpg · Via Houssay.org.ar; photographer not identified · Public domain100
Chika Kuroda
Chemist
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Kuroda_Chika.JPG · 朝日新聞社 · Public domain101
Salim Ali
Ornithologist
